Changes in the Arctic :  background and issues / 
editor, Brandon D. Swarson. 
 - 1 online resource 
 - 
 - Arctic region and Antarctica issues and research .
 - Arctic region and Antarctica issues and research. .
<br/><br/>Includes bibliographical references and index. 
<br/><br/>""LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA ""; "" CHANGES IN THE ARCTIC: BACKGROUND AND ISSUES ""; ""CONTENTS ""; ""PREFACE ""; ""CHANGES IN THE ARCTIC: BACKGROUND AND ISSUES FOR CONGRESS* ""; ""SUMMARY ""; ""INTRODUCTION ""; ""BACKGROUND1 ""; ""Definitions of the Arctic ""; ""Arctic Circle Definition and Resulting Arctic Countries ""; ""Definition in Arctic Research and Policy Act of 1984 ""; ""Other Definitions ""; ""U.S. Arctic Research ""; ""Arctic Research and Policy Act of 1984, As Amended ""; ""NSF FY2011 Budget Request for Arctic Research "" ""January 2009 Presidential Arctic Policy Directive """"The Arctic and the U.N. Convention on Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 17 ""; ""Background to UNCLOS ""; ""Part VI of UNCLOS and Commission on Limits of Continental Shelf""; ""U.S. Activities as a Non-Party to UNCLOS ""; ""ISSUES FOR CONGRESS ""; ""Climate Change and Loss of Arctic Sea Ice 26 ""; ""Territorial Claims and Sovereignty Issues 33 ""; ""Commercial Sea Transportation36 ""; ""Background ""; ""Destination Traffic, Not Trans-Arctic Traffic ""; ""Cruise Ship Activity "" ""Unpredictable Ice Conditions Hinders Trans-Arctic Shipping """"Basic Navigation Infrastructure Is Lacking ""; ""Regulation of Arctic Shipping ""; ""Arctic Guidelines ""; ""Long-Range Vessel Tracking Requirement ""; ""�a��Ice Class�a�? Vessel Certification ""; ""Oil, Gas, and Mineral Exploration ""; ""Oil and Gas ""; ""Extent of the Continental Margin ""; ""Minerals ""; ""Environment and Economics ""; ""Oil Pollution and Pollution Response 67""; ""Oil Pollution Implications of Arctic Change ""; ""Risk of Oil Pollution in the Arctic ""; ""Potential Impacts "" ""Response and Cleanup Challenges in the Arctic Region """"Spill Response Challenges ""; ""Oil Spill Cleanup Challenges ""; ""Existing Policy Framework ""; ""Fisheries 93 ""; ""Protected Species 96 ""; ""Indigenous People Living in the Arctic 100 ""; ""Background ""; ""Effects of Climate Change ""; ""Polar Icebreaking130 ""; ""Search and Rescue 134 ""; ""U.S. Relations with other Arctic Countries 136 ""; ""U.S. Military Forces and Operations 148 ""; ""2010 Quadrennial Defense Review ""; ""Navy and Coast Guard ""; ""January 2009 Arctic Policy Directive "" ""CRS REPORTS ON SPECIFIC ARCTIC-RELATED ISSUES """"APPENDIX A. ARCTIC RESEARCH AND POLICY ACT OF 1984 (TITLE I OF P.L. 98-373) ""; ""Findings and Purposes ""; ""Arctic Research Commission ""; ""Duties of Commission ""; ""Cooperation with the Commission ""; ""Administration of the Commission ""; ""Lead Agency and Interagency Arctic Research Policy Committee ""; ""Duties of the Interagency Committee ""; ""5-Year Arctic Research Plan ""; ""Coordination and Review of Budget Requests ""; ""Authorization of Appropriations; New Spending Authority ""; ""Definition "" 
<br/><br/><br/>English. 
<br/><br/><label>ISBN: </label>9781617610394 1617610399 
<br/><br/><label>LCCN: </label>2020678340 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Topical Terms: </label><br/>Environmental policy--Arctic regions.<br/>Environmental degradation--Arctic regions.<br/>Global environmental change.<br/>POLITICAL SCIENCE--Public Policy--Environmental Policy.<br/>SCIENCE--Environmental Science.<br/>Ecology.<br/>Environmental degradation.<br/>Environmental policy.<br/>Global environmental change.
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Geographic Terms: </label><br/>Arctic regions--Environmental conditions.<br/>Arctic Regions.
<br/><br/><label>Index Terms--Genre/Form: </label><br/>Electronic books.
<br/><br/><label>LC Class. No.: </label>GE190.A75 
<br/><br/><label>Dewey Class. No.: </label>363.700911/3